Mobile Home Title Surrender Requirements by State

What are the key mobile home title surrender statistics?

Mobile home title surrender requirements by state are not uniform. In this 51-jurisdiction dataset, 39 jurisdictions have an operative formal statewide title-surrender, cancellation, retirement, elimination, deactivation, or comparable title-ending pathway as of July 25, 2026; New York has enacted a formal framework, but it does not become operative until December 12, 2026.

1. 39 of 51 U.S. jurisdictions are classified as having an operative formal statewide title-ending pathway as of July 25, 2026, according to the 51-row Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research dataset, version 2026-07-25.
2. The dataset contains 51 jurisdiction records and 27 fields per record, covering current pathway status, state terminology, agencies, local offices, forms, fees, timing, legal effect, reversal, pending changes, and official source URLs (Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research, version 2026-07-25).
3. Four jurisdictions are classified as having no dedicated operative statewide manufactured-home title-surrender pathway: the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Vermont, according to the Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research dataset's review of current official title and recording sources, version 2026-07-25.
4. New York's Land-Home Property Act becomes effective December 12, 2026, one year after Chapter 636 of the Laws of 2025 was signed (New York State Senate, S7120, § 9).
5. Maine Public Law 2025, chapter 691 takes effect July 29, 2026, expanding conversion eligibility and requiring an acknowledgment that conversion may not be reversed (Maine Legislature).
6. Washington deems a manufactured-home title eliminated on the date the county auditor records the approved documents, not on the earlier agency-approval date (RCW 65.20.050(3)).
7. Texas has used Statements of Ownership rather than manufactured-home certificates of title since September 2003, according to the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs.
8. Texas classifies a scrapped, dismantled, or destroyed manufactured home as “Salvage,” and TDHCA states that a licensed retailer's sale of a salvaged home to a consumer is a Class B misdemeanor (MHD Form 1037, revised June 3, 2026).
9. Colorado makes an owner liable for actual damages caused by failure to record a required Certificate of Destruction after a home is destroyed, dismantled, sold as salvage, or otherwise disposed of (C.R.S. § 38-29-204(4)).
10. South Carolina accepts a qualifying recorded leasehold of at least 35 years for title retirement when the lease authorizes the lessee to encumber the real property (S.C. Code § 56-19-510).
11. South Carolina's current SCDMV de-titling fee is $50, and the governing statute caps the department's fee at $50 (SCDMV; S.C. Code § 56-19-520(A)(4)).
12. Missouri requires the recorded affixation filing to reach the Department of Revenue within 60 days and charges $8.50 plus a $9 processing fee—$17.50 in state charges before county recording (Missouri Department of Revenue).
13. Utah uses two 45-day clocks: one after attachment to apply for a surrender receipt and one after separation to apply for a new title before transfer (Utah Code §§ 41-1a-503 and 41-1a-506).
14. Alabama Form MVT 5-39E is valid for 90 days under the current administrative rule (Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.66).
15. Florida accepts a recorded leasehold of at least 30 years for title retirement (Fla. Stat. § 319.261(1)).
16. Mississippi's rule effective December 8, 2025 sets a $9 title-retirement fee, a 60-day relation-back period, and separate Affidavit of Severance and Affidavit of Destruction procedures (35 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. VII, R. 5.05).
17. Horry County's posted Register of Deeds schedule lists $25 per manufactured-home retirement, lien, severance, or satisfaction document; the posted schedule is printed as updated August 1, 2019 and was retrieved July 25, 2026 (Horry County Register of Deeds).
18. South Carolina had an estimated 359,228 mobile homes, 15.4% of housing units, and Horry County had 28,088, 13.9%, in the ACS 2017–2021 five-year estimates (South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office, compiled from U.S. Census Bureau ACS data).

Source standard: ✓ means the row was checked against the official state statute, rule, agency page, or official form listed in that row on July 25, 2026. A source-bounded statement that an official source does not publish a fee, deadline, or reversal route does not mean that no local charge or transaction-specific rule exists.

What does surrendering a mobile home title actually mean?

Surrendering a mobile home title is the legal process a jurisdiction uses to end, cancel, retire, eliminate, deactivate, or supersede the home's separate ownership-document status so it is treated with the real property. In formal pathway states, the process generally combines a state title, manufacturer's certificate of origin, or ownership-record action with a county land-record filing; the order, terminology, land-interest rules, and legal effect differ by state.

The terms states actually use

The same broad legal objective appears under different state terms: retirement in Florida and South Carolina; cancellation in Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia; elimination in Kansas and Washington; deactivation in New Mexico; affixation in Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, and Tennessee; affixture in Arizona and Michigan; immobilization in Louisiana; permanent location in Colorado and Georgia; transfer to real estate in Indiana; and a real-property election in Texas. The table preserves each jurisdiction's own term beside the normalized pathway class.

What title surrender is not

It is not automatically the same as a property-tax reclassification. California separates the foundation and ownership-document process under Health and Safety Code § 18551 and HCD 433A from the tax-assessment treatment addressed in § 18555. Title surrender is also not an ownership transfer, a duplicate title, a moving permit, abandonment, demolition, or proof that every mortgage program will accept the resulting property status.

Why the distinction has consequences

An outstanding state ownership record can remain legally significant even when the home is taxed with the land. That mismatch can delay a sale, refinance, lien search, or insurance review because the title record, county land records, tax records, and secured-party documents may not describe the home the same way. The controlling state process is therefore the one that must be checked—not tax treatment alone.

What are the mobile home title surrender requirements by state?

The table below answers the primary question for every jurisdiction: what pathway is operative on July 25, 2026, what the state calls it, which agency administers it, and which local office records or approves it. Each row links to the official source checked for that jurisdiction.

Source: current official state statutes, administrative rules, agency pages, forms, and official local implementation sources linked in each row; compiled and normalized by Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research; dataset version 2026-07-25.

Which statute and form govern each jurisdiction?

This table pairs each jurisdiction's current pathway with its named legal authority and principal instrument. It is designed for source checking: a reader can move from the state row to the operative statute, rule, form, or agency procedure without relying on a secondary summary as the legal authority.

Source: official state authorities and instruments listed in the dataset and full source list; checked July 25, 2026.

What does this dataset show—and not show?

The dataset shows the current statewide legal mechanism identified for each jurisdiction, the state's terminology, the responsible offices, principal documents, published charges and timing where stated, legal effect, and the available route back to separate title treatment. It does not decide whether a particular home qualifies, calculate an end-to-end transaction total, replace a title search, or establish eligibility for a particular lender or mortgage program.

Methodology

One normalized record was created for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia across 27 fields. Every published row was checked on July 25, 2026 against at least one current official state statute, administrative rule, issuing-agency page, official form, or official recording source identified in that row; all-state lender references were used only to find and cross-check authorities, not as the legal source of record.

What was collected

The 27 fields are: dataset version, jurisdiction abbreviation, jurisdiction, operative status, pathway category, state term or document, ownership-document action, land or lease eligibility, state agency, local office, principal forms or documents, prerequisites, published state fee, published local fee, timing rule, legal effect, severance or new-title route, pending or recent change, primary authority, two official-source URL fields, baseline synthesis URL, source-check marker, research date, verification note, normalized pathway class, and publication status.

How current and future law were separated

A law was classified by its status on July 25, 2026. New York's enacted process is carried as enacted but not yet effective until December 12, 2026. Maine's current § 669 remains the operative rule through July 28, 2026, while Public Law 2025, chapter 691 is recorded separately as taking effect July 29, 2026. Washington's 2025 amendment is treated as current because its October 15, 2025 effective date has passed.

How fees and deadlines were handled

No fee was inferred, averaged, or copied from a nonofficial cost article. A dollar amount appears only when the current official source set states that amount for the identified filing. State and local charges remain separate. When the reviewed statewide source does not publish one conversion fee or one universal day-count, the dataset says exactly that rather than converting silence into a zero or an estimate.

How the classifications and counts were produced

The normalized classes are analytical labels applied consistently across all 51 rows: formal statewide title-ending pathway; functional real-property pathway without literal title surrender; limited or county-dependent pathway; no dedicated operative statewide pathway identified; automatic/no-title real-property treatment; and enacted formal pathway not yet effective. Counting the normalized_pathway_class field in the published CSV returns 39, 4, 2, 4, 1, and 1 respectively. The counts are recomputed from the file on each release rather than maintained separately in the article copy.

Reproducibility

The timestamped CSV and JSON contain the same 51 records and 27 fields shown on this page. Dataset version: 2026-07-25. CSV SHA-256: f114edb66bd6d4a7dcaa8fff8de8edf0716e964e6b27e43ae4fe709a896fe0b7. JSON SHA-256: 9fd28b481b35f589dd2453fd42746f1658cfb9991b092a71a1daf03ff81e5f65.

Which jurisdictions do not use a dedicated statewide title-surrender pathway?

This dataset classifies the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Vermont as having no dedicated operative statewide manufactured-home title-surrender pathway in the official title and recording sources reviewed. Delaware and New Jersey are classified as limited or county-dependent, while New Hampshire is a separate automatic/no-title case because its statutes treat manufactured housing as real estate without a title-cancellation event.

The four no-dedicated-pathway classifications

In the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Vermont, the reviewed official sources do not publish a manufactured-home-specific statewide cancellation packet comparable to the formal title-ending states. Property status is instead documented through the applicable ownership evidence, fixture treatment, deeds or leases, mortgages or fixture filings, tax records, and land-recording system. That classification is deliberately source-bounded: it describes the official materials reviewed for this dataset rather than asserting that general property law can never produce a real-property result.

The limited and functional systems

Delaware and New Jersey do not present one uniform statewide packet comparable to Florida, South Carolina, or Washington; local classification and title history matter. Connecticut, Louisiana, Rhode Island, and Texas achieve a functional real-property result without a literal state certificate-of-title surrender in the same form as the 39 formal-pathway jurisdictions. New Hampshire uses statutory real-estate treatment rather than a surrender event.

What does it cost to surrender a mobile home title?

There is no defensible national average because the charge structure is not uniform. The table below includes only state-level amounts directly stated in the official conversion source set reviewed for this version; it does not combine county recording, inspection, tax, permit, certified-copy, lien, title-search, legal, or transaction-specific charges into a supposed total.

Source: official state forms, agency instructions, fee pages, and statutes linked per row; checked July 25, 2026. Omission from this table means that the reviewed conversion source did not state one directly comparable amount for this dataset version—not that the transaction is free.

Why one transaction total usually cannot be published

The state action and county land-record action are frequently billed separately. Recording fees can depend on the number and type of instruments, while inspection, foundation, tax-clearance, certified-copy, seal, lien, and title-search charges are triggered by different facts. A valid total therefore requires the jurisdiction, home configuration, ownership record, lien status, land interest, and documents actually filed.

The South Carolina amount that can be separated cleanly

South Carolina publishes a $50 SCDMV de-titling fee. The state's uniform real-property recording schedule is $25 for the type of document used for manufactured-home retirement, and Horry County's posted instrument list shows $25 for the retirement document itself. Those are separate filings; additional documents can create additional $25 recording charges.

Can a surrendered mobile home title be restored?

A surrendered or eliminated title can be restored only through the jurisdiction's current severance, removal, reactivation, or new-title procedure. Some states publish a specific route; some functional or no-title systems have no canceled state title to restore; and Maine's enacted law effective July 29, 2026 requires an acknowledgment that the conversion may not be reversed.

Source: official authorities linked per row; checked July 25, 2026. The table states only the route identified in the cited source and does not describe the physical work of moving a home.

Why the reverse process is often document-heavy

Once a home has entered the real-property system, the land records can contain mortgages, judgments, tax liens, and other interests that did not appear on the former title. Washington, for example, requires consent from the relevant land owners and lienholders and a title-insurance certification dated within 10 days of the application. Oklahoma's Form 701-45 requires an owner attestation and a current attorney title opinion. These requirements protect the recorded land interests before a separate title is reissued.

When more than one county is involved

South Carolina requires a severance affidavit when a retired home is moved. When the move crosses county lines, the affidavit is filed in both the county the home leaves and the county it enters. Washington likewise records its transfer or reissuance documents in the county or counties affected by the move.

What happens to the title when a mobile home is destroyed?

Destruction, abandonment, salvage, tax-roll removal, environmental compliance, and demolition permitting are separate legal questions, and the title-conversion statute does not always answer all of them. Table 5 includes only specific destruction, salvage, abandoned-home, or county demolition-record procedures confirmed in current official sources for this version.

Source: official state statutes, agency forms, and the specifically identified county procedure; checked July 25, 2026. Jurisdictions not listed are omitted because this version did not publish a dedicated destruction route from the official title sources reviewed; omission is not a conclusion that no tax, permit, environmental, court, or local procedure applies.

The county-specific Washington example

Kitsap County's published procedure says that when a manufactured-home title was previously eliminated, the title must be reinstated before the county will complete its demolition-permit and treasurer-certification process. This page preserves the scope exactly: it is one county's official procedure and is not presented as a statewide Washington rule.

Safety and scope

Manufactured-home demolition can involve regulated building materials, refrigerants, fuel systems, electrical service, structural instability, and heavy equipment. This page documents ownership, title, land-record, tax-record, and permit consequences only. Environmental inspections, utility disconnections, demolition methods, transport, and disposal are governed by the applicable agencies and are handled by qualified professionals.

How does title retirement work in South Carolina and Horry County?

South Carolina calls the process retirement of the title certificate. The owner records the statutory retirement affidavit with the county, then mails the stamped document and the required title, lien, tax, and fee materials to SCDMV, which provides written confirmation when the de-titling is complete.

Who can use the South Carolina pathway

The standard route uses common ownership of the home and land. A recorded leasehold estate of at least 35 years can also qualify when the lease authorizes the lessee to encumber the real property. The home must be installed under the statutory conditions, including removal of the wheels, axles, and towing hitch; code-compliance evidence is required where the statute makes it applicable.

Who signs the affidavit and when an attorney appears

The retirement affidavit is signed and sworn by the owner; South Carolina law does not require a licensed attorney to execute every title retirement. An attorney appears in a different, narrower provision: when a recorded lien has been paid but a conventional release cannot be obtained, a South Carolina attorney may execute the statutory Satisfaction Affidavit after reviewing the required payoff evidence. Keeping those documents separate prevents the optional lien-satisfaction route from being misreported as a universal attorney requirement.

What SCDMV requires

SCDMV's current page requires a county-stamped retirement document, the South Carolina title, lien-release or secured-party documentation where applicable, a paid property-tax receipt or no-tax-due letter, and the $50 de-titling fee. SCDMV accepts the de-titling submission by mail and issues written confirmation after completion.

What Horry County charges to record

Horry County's posted Register of Deeds instrument list uses the statewide recording schedule and lists four manufactured-home document types at $25 per document. The PDF itself is printed as updated August 1, 2019; that printed date is carried with the figures because it is material to their recency.

Source: Horry County Register of Deeds price list, printed as updated August 1, 2019 and retrieved July 25, 2026; S.C. Code § 8-21-310(A). Installation, inspection, moving-permit, tax-clearance, and other county processes are separate from the recording charges in this table.

How many manufactured homes are in South Carolina and Horry County

The South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office publishes county-level mobile-home counts compiled from U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates. The two estimate windows overlap, so the difference between them is not a clean year-over-year change.

Source: South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office, Census State Data Center, compiled from U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey five-year estimates.

What title-surrender rules change in 2026?

Two effective dates require special handling in 2026. Maine changes on July 29, 2026, four days after this dataset's verification date; New York's first formal statutory conversion framework becomes operative on December 12, 2026. The current and future rules are separated below so neither state is described under the wrong version of law.

Maine — effective July 29, 2026

On July 25, 2026, 29-A M.R.S. § 669 remains operative and uses the owner-of-land cancellation route. Public Law 2025, chapter 691 was approved April 13, 2026 and takes effect July 29, 2026. The replacement expands eligibility to specified lease and occupancy arrangements, requires an acknowledgment that conversion may not be reversed, and makes the recorded Secretary of State cancellation certificate the completion event.

New York — effective December 12, 2026

The New York Land-Home Property Act was enacted as Chapter 636 of the Laws of 2025 from Senate Bill S7120 and was signed December 12, 2025. Section 9 makes it effective one year later. The act adds the Affidavit of Affixation framework and DMV applications for title or MCO surrender, but the process is not operative before December 12, 2026; final agency forms and implementation govern after that date.

Washington — 2025 amendment already operative in 2026

Chapter 32, Laws of 2025 (EHB 1191) took effect October 15, 2025 and amended RCW 65.20. Because that effective date has passed, the amended eligibility, conveyance, and removal provisions are treated as current law in this dataset rather than as a pending change.

What are the dataset's limitations?

This is a regulatory reference dataset, not legal advice. It is designed to identify the current pathway and primary source quickly; it cannot determine the facts, title history, lien priority, land interest, foundation status, local permits, tax status, or lender rules for a particular home.

• A statewide pathway does not prove that a particular home qualifies. Ownership, lease term, permanent-foundation status, code compliance, tax status, and lien releases can change the answer.
• A state-law conversion does not establish mortgage-program eligibility. A lender or insurer can impose requirements narrower than the state statute.
• An official statewide source that does not publish one fee or deadline is not proof of zero cost or unlimited time. General title schedules, county recording fees, local inspections, certified copies, taxes, and transaction-specific timing may apply.
• The four “no dedicated operative statewide pathway identified” classifications are source-bounded. They describe the official manufactured-home title and recording sources reviewed for this dataset.
• Local implementation can differ. Delaware and New Jersey are expressly classified as limited or county-dependent, and county forms or recording practices can add procedural detail elsewhere.
• Horry County's posted recording schedule is printed as updated August 1, 2019. The figure remains published by the county, and the printed date appears beside it rather than being silently treated as a 2026 revision.
• ACS five-year estimate windows overlap. Table 7 must not be described as a year-over-year change.
• Maine and New York are date-sensitive. Maine changes July 29, 2026; New York's process begins December 12, 2026.
• Destruction and demolition are not the same as title surrender. Title records, tax records, court procedures, environmental rules, and demolition permits can require separate actions.

Fields intentionally left source-bounded

The dataset does not manufacture a nationwide cost total, fill unlisted county charges with estimates, infer deadlines from general title law, or claim a reversal route where the cited current conversion source does not publish one. That restraint is part of the data rather than an unreported value.

How should this page be cited?

The following is neutral bibliographic information for readers and editors who need to identify the publication, page, version, and verification date. It is not a request for attribution or a link.

Publication

Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research

Page title

Mobile Home Title Surrender Requirements by State

URL

https://myrtlebeachmobilehomeremoval.com/research/mobile-home-title-surrender-requirements-by-state/

Dataset version

2026-07-25

Last verified

July 25, 2026

Example format:

Myrtle Beach Mobile Home Removal Research. “Mobile Home Title Surrender Requirements by State.” Dataset version 2026-07-25. Accessed [date].

What is included in the dataset download?

The download contains one row for each state and the District of Columbia. The CSV and JSON publish the same 51 records and 27 fields used to generate the counts and tables on this page; no email gate, account, or script is required.

• Download the CSV dataset
• Download the JSON dataset
• CSV SHA-256: f114edb66bd6d4a7dcaa8fff8de8edf0716e964e6b27e43ae4fe709a896fe0b7
• JSON SHA-256: 9fd28b481b35f589dd2453fd42746f1658cfb9991b092a71a1daf03ff81e5f65

Fields: dataset_version, jurisdiction_abbr, jurisdiction, operative_status_as_of_2026_07_25, pathway_category, state_term_or_document, title_or_ownership_document_action, land_or_lease_eligibility, state_agency, local_recording_or_approval_office, main_forms_or_documents, key_prerequisites, published_state_fee, published_local_fee, filing_deadline_or_timing_rule, legal_effect_after_completion, severance_reversal_or_new_title, pending_or_recent_change, primary_authority, official_primary_source_url, additional_official_source_url, baseline_synthesis_source_url, evidence_tier, research_date, verification_note, normalized_pathway_class, and publish_readiness.

What are the most common questions about mobile home title surrender?

These answers summarize the visible dataset and tables above. Each answer is limited to the scope supported by the cited current source set.

What does it mean to surrender a mobile home title?

It means completing the jurisdiction's legal process for ending or superseding the home's separate ownership-document status so the home is treated with the real property. In formal pathway states, that usually combines a state title, MCO, or ownership-record action with a county land-record filing; the exact sequence and legal term differ by state.

Is title surrender required in every state?

No. This dataset classifies 39 of 51 jurisdictions as having an operative formal statewide pathway. Other jurisdictions use a functional real-property election, local or limited classification, automatic non-title treatment, or no dedicated statewide manufactured-home surrender procedure.

Does paying real-property tax mean the title was surrendered?

No. Tax classification and ownership-document status are separate legal questions. California illustrates the split: Health and Safety Code § 18555 addresses taxation, while § 18551 and HCD 433A govern installation on a foundation system and the associated ownership-document process.

Can a mobile home on leased land qualify?

In some states. Florida accepts a recorded leasehold of at least 30 years; South Carolina accepts a qualifying recorded leasehold of at least 35 years; Arizona, Alaska, Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin, and other states publish their own lease or occupancy conditions. The state-law route and a lender's eligibility rules are not necessarily identical.

What happens to existing liens?

The current conversion sources generally require liens on the title or ownership record to be released, carried into the real-property lien structure, or expressly consented to before the title action is completed. The exact document can be a lien release, secured-party consent, title-company commitment, attorney certification, or other state-prescribed evidence.

Can a surrendered title be restored after the home is moved?

Only through the state's current severance, deactivation, reactivation, or new-title procedure. Table 4 identifies the published route for every jurisdiction and distinguishes title-restoration states from jurisdictions that never canceled a state title in the first place.

What happens to the title if the mobile home is destroyed?

The records procedure varies. Colorado, Mississippi, Texas, Indiana, South Carolina, South Dakota, and Kitsap County, Washington publish specific destruction, salvage, abandoned-home, or demolition-record steps described in Table 5. A demolition permit, environmental compliance, tax-roll removal, and title-record action can be separate requirements.

Do you need the title to demolish a mobile home?

The required ownership record depends on the state and local permitting process. Kitsap County, Washington expressly states that a previously eliminated title must be reinstated before its demolition permit and treasurer certification process; that is documented here as a county rule, not a statewide rule.

Which agency handles this in my state?

The administering office varies among motor-vehicle and licensing agencies, revenue departments, housing agencies, building-code agencies, county treasurers, assessors, recorders, and general land-record offices. Table 1 names the state and local office for every jurisdiction.

How current is this dataset?

Every row was checked against the official source or sources listed in that row on July 25, 2026. The dataset separates current operative law from enacted future law, including Maine's July 29, 2026 change and New York's December 12, 2026 effective date.

Which primary sources support this dataset?

The state list below supplies the official source or sources used for each jurisdiction. The final entries identify the South Carolina local fee and ACS sources and the all-state lender references used only as discovery and consistency checks.

1. Alabama: Ala. Code § 32-20-20; Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.66 — admincode.legislature.state.al.us; revenue.alabama.gov
2. Alaska: Alaska Stat. §§ 28.10.262–.266; 34.85.010–.090; 40.17.125 — dmv.alaska.gov; akleg.gov
3. Arizona: Ariz. Rev. Stat. §§ 28-2063, 42-15203, 33-1501 — azleg.gov; azdor.gov
4. Arkansas: Ark. Code §§ 27-14-1603, 27-14-1604; Act 592 of 2013 — dfa.arkansas.gov; arkleg.state.ar.us
5. California: Cal. Health & Safety Code §§ 18551, 18555; HCD 433A — hcd.ca.gov; leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
6. Colorado: Colo. Rev. Stat. §§ 38-29-114, 38-29-202 to 38-29-208; 42-1-234 — leg.colorado.gov; dmv.colorado.gov
7. Connecticut: Conn. Gen. Stat. § 21-67a and applicable municipal land-record law — cga.ct.gov
8. Delaware: 2 Del. Admin. Code § 2263-2.0 and county procedures — regulations.delaware.gov; dmv.de.gov
9. District of Columbia: D.C. Code § 28:9-502 and District real-property recording law — code.dccouncil.gov; otr.cfo.dc.gov
10. Florida: Fla. Stat. § 319.261 — leg.state.fl.us; flhsmv.gov
11. Georgia: O.C.G.A. §§ 8-2-181 to 8-2-183, as amended by Act 286 (SB 119), effective July 1, 2025; Form T-234 — dor.georgia.gov; legis.ga.gov
12. Hawaii: Haw. Rev. Stat. ch. 490 art. 9; Bureau of Conveyances recording law — cca.hawaii.gov; capitol.hawaii.gov
13. Idaho: Idaho Code § 63-304; Idaho Admin. Code r. 35.01.03.304 — legislature.idaho.gov; itd.idaho.gov
14. Illinois: 765 ILCS 170/5-1 et seq.; 625 ILCS 5/3-116.1, 3-116.2, 3-207 — ilga.gov; ilsos.gov
15. Indiana: Ind. Code §§ 9-17-6-15.1 to 15.5; 36-2-9-18 — in.gov/bmv; in.gov (ATRE Packet)
16. Iowa: Iowa Code §§ 435.26, 435.26A, 435.26B; Iowa Admin. Code r. 761—400.40 — legis.iowa.gov; legis.iowa.gov (Admin. Code)
17. Kansas: Kan. Stat. § 58-4214 — ksrevenue.gov; ksrevenue.gov (FAQ)
18. Kentucky: Ky. Rev. Stat. § 186A.297 — apps.legislature.ky.gov; apps.legislature.ky.gov (§ 186A.298)
19. Louisiana: La. Rev. Stat. §§ 9:1149.6, 32:707.2 — legis.la.gov; legis.la.gov (§ 9:1149.7)
20. Maine: 29-A M.R.S. § 669; P.L. 2025, ch. 691 — legislature.maine.gov; mainelegislature.org
21. Maryland: Md. Code, Real Property §§ 8B-201 to 8B-203; § 8B-302 — mgaleg.maryland.gov; mgaleg.maryland.gov (§ 8B-302)
22. Massachusetts: Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90D, § 2(a)(10) — malegislature.gov; mass.gov
23. Michigan: Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.2330i — legislature.mi.gov; legislature.mi.gov (§ 125.2330j)
24. Minnesota: Minn. Stat. §§ 168A.1411, 168A.1412, 168A.142 — revisor.mn.gov; revisor.mn.gov (§ 168A.142)
25. Mississippi: Miss. Code Ann. § 63-21-30; 35 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. VII, R. 5.05 — dor.ms.gov; sos.ms.gov
26. Missouri: Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 442.015, 700.111 — dor.mo.gov; dor.mo.gov (FAQ)
27. Montana: Mont. Code §§ 15-1-116, 15-1-118, 61-3-201 — mvdmt.gov
28. Nebraska: Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 60-144, 60-169 — dmv.nebraska.gov; dmv.nebraska.gov (form)
29. Nevada: Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 361.244, 489.501–.581; Nev. Admin. Code § 489.203 — leg.state.nv.us; housing.nv.gov
30. New Hampshire: N.H. Rev. Stat. §§ 21:21(II), 477:44 — gc.nh.gov; gc.nh.gov (§ 477:44)
31. New Jersey: N.J. Stat. §§ 39:10-2, 39:10-8, 39:10-11 — nj.gov/mvc; lis.njleg.state.nj.us
32. New Mexico: N.M. Stat. § 66-3-4; N.M. Admin. Code 18.19.3 — srca.nm.gov; mvd.newmexico.gov
33. New York: N.Y. Laws 2025, ch. 636; VTL §§ 2117-a to 2117-c (effective 2026-12-12) — nysenate.gov; tax.ny.gov
34. North Carolina: N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 20-109.2, 47-20.6, 47-20.7 — ncleg.gov; ncleg.gov (§ 47-20.7)
35. North Dakota: N.D. Cent. Code §§ 39-05-35, 39-05-22, 47-10-27 — ndlegis.gov; ndlegis.gov (Title 47)
36. Ohio: Ohio Rev. Code §§ 4505.11(H), 4503.06 — codes.ohio.gov; codes.ohio.gov (§ 4503.06)
37. Oklahoma: 47 Okla. Stat. § 1110; Service Oklahoma Packet 756 and Form 701-45 — oklahoma.gov (Packet 756); oklahoma.gov (Form 701-45)
38. Oregon: Or. Rev. Stat. §§ 446.576, 446.626, 446.736 — oregonlegislature.gov; oregon.gov/bcd
39. Pennsylvania: 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 1140 — legis.state.pa.us; pa.gov (MV-16)
40. Rhode Island: R.I. Gen. Laws §§ 31-44-4.1, 34-13-1, 31-44-21, 44-25-4.1 — rilegislature.gov
41. South Carolina: S.C. Code §§ 56-19-500 to 56-19-560 — scstatehouse.gov; dmv.sc.gov
42. South Dakota: S.D. Codified Laws §§ 32-3-3.2, 32-3-3.3 — sdlegislature.gov; dor.sd.gov
43. Tennessee: Tenn. Code § 55-3-128; Tennessee Department of Revenue VTR-63 guidance — revenue.support.tn.gov; tn.gov (Affidavit form)
44. Texas: Tex. Occ. Code §§ 1201.2055, 1201.207, 1201.222; 10 Tex. Admin. Code § 80.90; MHD Form 1037 — tdhca.texas.gov; statutes.capitol.texas.gov
45. Utah: Utah Code §§ 41-1a-503, 41-1a-506; 70D-2-401 — le.utah.gov
46. Vermont: Vt. Stat. tit. 9, §§ 2602-2604; 1-3 Vt. Code R. § 106:1.9601(10) — legislature.vermont.gov; legislature.vermont.gov (§ 2604)
47. Virginia: Va. Code § 46.2-653.1 — law.lis.virginia.gov; vacourts.gov (CC-1560)
48. Washington: Wash. Rev. Code ch. 65.20; Wash. Admin. Code ch. 308-56A — app.leg.wa.gov (WAC); app.leg.wa.gov (RCW)
49. West Virginia: W. Va. Code § 17A-3-12b — code.wvlegislature.gov; transportation.wv.gov
50. Wisconsin: Wis. Stat. §§ 101.9203(4), 706.001(2)(c) — dsps.wi.gov; dsps.wi.gov (SBD-3209)
51. Wyoming: Wyo. Stat. § 31-2-502 — wyoleg.gov; dot.state.wy.us (MV-303)
52. South Carolina Code § 8-21-310, uniform recording fees — scstatehouse.gov
53. Horry County Register of Deeds price list, printed as updated August 1, 2019 — horrycountysc.gov
54. South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office, mobile homes by county, ACS 5-year estimates — rfa.sc.gov
55. Kitsap County Department of Community Development, Mobile or Manufactured Home Demolition — kitsap.gov
56. Washington Chapter 32, Laws of 2025 (EHB 1191), effective October 15, 2025 — lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov
57. Fannie Mae, Titling Manufactured Homes as Real Property (used as an all-state discovery and consistency check, not as the legal source of record) — singlefamily.fanniemae.com
58. Freddie Mac, Get the Facts: Titling Manufactured Housing as Real Property (used as a cross-check, not as the legal source of record) — sf.freddiemac.com

Per-jurisdiction official URLs are also stored in the CSV and JSON fields official_primary_source_url and additional_official_source_url.